A Revised Protocol for More Clearly Classifying a Nonunion

A revised protocol for more clearly classifying a nonunion.

Classifying a nonunion solely on the extent of callus formation on a radiograph is insufficient. We have conducted a study with a revised protocol to classify a nonunion more clearly, which uses both radiographic observation and fixation stability. 47 consecutive femoral shaft nonunions were studied using this protocol and 42 nonunions were followed up for at least one year after discovery (ran...

Defines Dead Spot More Clearly

In 1998, researchers at the University of Maryland discovered a new disease of creeping bentgrass caused by an unidentified species of Ophiosphaerella. Through morphological and molecular study, it was shown that the pathogen constituted a new species, Ophiosphaerella agrostis, and the disease was named bentgrass dead spot. Subsequently, O. agrostis was found in Texas and Florida causing dead s...

Actions can speak more clearly than words

Actions can speak more clearly than words

Food labels identify allergens more clearly.

A professional commitment scale for clinical nurses: A study protocol

Background: As the largest and most fundamental group targeted by programs developed to improve quality of care, nurses should be the focus of attention in the management of human resources in the field of health care. A review of literature on this subject revealed the lack of scales designed for measuring professional commitment in nurses. The present study was designed to develop a scale to ...